Acute myeloid leukemia is a type of leukemia which affects the blood and bone marrow. It is found in both children and adults. It mainly affects the myeloid cells that give rise to RBCs, WBCs, and platelets. CAUSES:- the exact cause of AML is unknown. SYMPTOMS:- the common symptoms of AML are:- INVESTIGATIONS:- CBC. Bone marrow and biopsy and aspiration….
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that affects the basal cells. Basal cells produce new skin cells and are responsible for growth and repair of skin. When basal cells become damaged by prolonged exposure to the sun’s UV rays, they can mutate and grow uncontrollably forming a cancerous tumor. It is commonly found on areas of skin…
BILE DUCT CANCER
Bile duct cancer also called cholangiocarcinoma. It is a rare form of cancer that originates in the bile ducts (which are small tubes that transport bile from the liver to the small intestine). Bile duct cancer can occur anywhere along the bile ducts, from the liver to the small intestine. CLASSIFICATION:- it can be classified into two types:- INTRAHEPATIC BILE…
BLADDER CANCER
Bladder is the hollow muscular organ that located in the lower part of the abdomen that stores urine. Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells ( urothelial cells) lining the bladder. Urothelial cells are also found in kidneys and ureters (ureters are the tubes connect the kidneys to the bladder). So, urothelial cancer can occur…
BONE CANCER
Abnormal growth of cells within the bone tissue is called bone tumour OR BONE CANCER. It can be benign (non cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumour do not spread to other parts of body while malignant cancer spread to other parts of body.but it mostly affects the pelvis and long bone of the body. TYPES:- there are many types of…
BRAIN TUMOUR
A brain tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells that develop in the brain. These tumors can be benign or malignant. It can occur any part of brain or spinal cord. TYPES: – the brain tumor classified into different type which depend on location in the brain. GLIOMAS: – arise from glial cells. MENINGIOMAS: – arise from meninges….
BURKITT LYMPHOMA
Burkitt lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin B- cell lymphoma. It is the cancer of lymphatic system. It is a rapid growing tumor that can appear in different parts of body such as bone marrow, lymph nodes and other organs. TYPES:- the common types of burkitt lymphoma are as follows:- SPORADIC LYMPHOMA:– it is present in worldwide and not related with Epstein-…
CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA is also called chronic myeloid leukemia. It is a type of leukemia in which overproduction of WBCs in the bone marrow occurs. It is similar to AML. But progress is slower than acute leukemia. CAUSES:- it is mainly due to Philadelphia chromosome. (I.e. a genetic abnormality.). It occurs when two chromosomes, 9 and 22 exchange genetic material….
CHRONIC MYELOPROFIRATIVE NEOPLASMS
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of rare, chronic blood disorders. MPN mainly affects the ability of bone marrow to produce normal blood cells. In this excessive production of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Myeloproliferative means abnormal proliferation or overgrowth of cells in the bone marrow that increase the no. of mature blood cells. TYPES:- CAUSES:- the…
ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
Endometrial cancer is defined as the malignant growth of cells in the inner lining of tissue of the uterus. Inner lining of the uterus is called endometrium. It is most common cancer in females mainly in postmenopausal women. CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS:- The exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown. But some common causes and risk factors are as follows:-…
